The+Song+of+Hiawatha-Dictionary

=Native American Words in Longfellow's Hiawatha= As defined by the Native Language of the Americas website: http://www.native-languages.org/

=
Though Hiawatha is an [|Iroquois] hero, Longfellow's poem is set in Minnesota, and most of the Native American words he uses in it come from the Minnesota Indian languages [|Ojibwe (Chippewa)] and [|Dakota Sioux]. The story Longfellow relates, too, is primarily based not on the Iroquois legend of Hiawatha but rather on the Chippewa legend of [|Nanabozho], a rabbit spirit who was the son of the west wind and raised by his grandmother.=====

the Prophet || Ojibway || mekadewikwanayewi-ogimaa (//na, pl.// -g) || Bishop (//lit.// Black-robed Chief) ||
 * Comparative list of American Indian words recorded by Longfellow **
 * ** Longfellow's **
 * record word ** || ** Meaning ascribed **
 * by Longfellow ** || ** Source Language ** || ** Original Word ** || ** Meaning ** ||
 * Adjidau'mo || the red squirrel || Ojibway || ajidamoo (//na, pl.// -g) || Red Squirrel ||
 * Ahdeek' || the reindeer || Ojibway || adik (//na, pl.// -wag) || Caribou ||
 * **Ahkosewin** || Fever || Ojibway || aakoziwin (//ni, pl.// -an) || illness ||
 * Ahmeek' || the beaver || Ojibway || amik (//na, pl.// -wag) || Beaver ||
 * Annemee'kee || the thunder || Ojibway || animikii (//na, pl.// -g) || Thunderbird ||
 * Apuk'wa || a bulrush || Ojibway || apakwe (//na, pl.// -yag) || Cattail ||
 * Bemah'gut || the grape-vine || Ojibway || biimaakwad (//ni, pl.// -oon) || Bittersweet, Vine ||
 * Baim-wa'wa || the sound of the thunder || Ojibway || bimwewe (vii) || be heard making a sound ||
 * Black-robe chief || the Pale-face
 * **Bukadawin** || Famine || Ojibway || bakadewin (//ni, pl.// -an) || hunger ||
 * Chemaun' || a birch canoe || Ojibway || jiimaan (//ni, pl.// -an) || Canoe, Boat ||

ruler of the //Land of Spirits// || Ojibway || Jiibayaabooz (//na, pl.// -oog) || Spirit Rabbit || (//lit.//strawberry of the 'Food of the Dead') || // or // Kwo-ne'-she || the dragon fly || Ojibway || oboodashkwaanishiinh (//na, pl.// oboodashkwaanishiinyag) || Dragonfly || Lake Superior || Ojibway || gichi-gami (//ni, pl.// -in) || great lake/sea, Lake Superior || the Master of Life || Ojibway || Gichi-manidoo (//na, pl.// -g) || Great Spirit, God || gashkii'waa (//vta, ind.//) || make someone be pitch-dark; be pitch-dark || the West-Wind and Wenonah, daughter of Nokomis || [|Onondaga] || Hayowent'ha (//name//) || He Who Combs ||
 * Chetowaik' || the plover || ? || ? || ? ||
 * Chibia'bos || a musician; friend of Hiawatha;
 * Dahin'da || the bull frog || Ojibway || dende (//na, pl.// -g) || Bullfrog ||
 * Dead-man's Strawberry || (not glossed) || Ojibway || jiibemiijimi-ode'imin (//ni, pl.// -an) || type of poisonous mushroom
 * Dush-kwo-ne'-she
 * Esa || shame upon you || Ojibway || ise (//pc//) || for shame ||
 * Ewa-yea' || lullaby || ? || ? || ? ||
 * Gitche Gu'mee || The Big-Sea-Water,
 * Gitche Man'ito || the Great Spirit,
 * Gushkewau' || the darkness || Ojibway || gashkii' (//vta//);
 * Hiawa'tha || the Prophet, the Teacher, son of Mudjekeewis,
 * Ia'goo || a great boaster and story-teller || ? || ? || ? ||

the //Game of the Bowl// || Ojibway || inini (//na, pl.// -wag) || man || a comet || Ojibway || ishkode (//ni, pl.// -n) || fire || spirit of the dead || Seer of //jiisakii// (shaking-tent) || (//lit.// that who is full of winter) || Tern || the Home-wind || Ojibway || giiwedin (//ni, pl.// -oon) || north, north wind || war eagle || Dush-kwo-ne'-she, || the dragon-fly || Ojibway || oboodashkwaanishiinh, dashkwaanishiinh (//na, pl.// -shiinyag), kwaanishiinh || Dragonfly || miinagaawanzh (//na, pl.// miinagaawanzhiig) || Blueberry [berry]; Blueberry [bush] || a water-fall in a stream running into the Mississippi between Fort Snelling and the Falls of St. Anthony || Dakota || mni-haha || waterfall || (lit. Brightening Moon) || September-October (//lit.// Fall[ing-leaves] Moon) || (//lit.// Leaf-budding Moon) || (//lit.// Strawberry Moon) || merman || act of sleeping || mother of Wenonah || Ojibway || nookomis (//na, dep., pl.// -ag) || my Grandmother || Pigeon || in the //Game of the Bowl// || Ojibway || ozaawaabik (//ni, pl.// -oon) || Brass, Copper || buffalo dried and pounded || [|Cree] || pimihkân (//ni, pl.// -an) || Pemmican || (//lit.// Those of Wooden-Crafts) || cudgel || (//lit.// be weak-hearted) || // Game of the Bowl // || Ojibway || zhiishiib (//na, pl.// -ag) || Duck || zhawenimishin (vta, 2s>1s) || to pity someone; you have pity on me || (//lit.// be strong-hearted) || Totem || the North || Ojibway || waabooz (//na, pl.// -oog) || Rabbit || the Morning Star || Ojibway || waaban-anang (//na//) || Morning star || mother, daughter of Nokomis || Dakota || winona || first-born daughter || (//na, pl.//waabishkikizijig) || white-man's foot (//homophone to//white-foot) || an Indian dandy || Ojibway || wiinaadizi (//vai//); waanaadizid (//na, pl.// waanaadizijig) || to behave unchastely; dandy || not listed in the "Vocabulary" section of Longfellow's appendix // 2s>1s // = second person singular subject forward action to first person singular object // dep. // = dependent // ind. // = independent order // na // = animate noun // ni // = inanimate noun // pc // = particle // pl. // = plural // vai // = verb, animate subject intransitive // vii // = verb, inanimate subject intransitive // voc. // = vocative // vta // = verb, animate subject transitive to animate object
 * Inin'ewug || men, or pawns in
 * Ishkoodah' || fire,
 * Jee'bi, || a ghost, a spirit || Ojibway || jiibay (//na, pl.// -ag) || corpse, ghost,
 * Joss'akeed || a prophet || Ojibway || jaasakiid (//na, pl.// jaasakiijig) || Jessokid, "Juggler",
 * Kabibonok'ka || North-Wind || Ojibway || Gaa-biboonokaa || Winter-maker,
 * Ka'go || do not || Ojibway || gego (//pc//) || do not ||
 * Kahgahgee' || the raven || Ojibway || gaagaagi (//na, pl.// -wag) || Raven ||
 * Kaw || no || Ojibway || gaa (pc) || no, not ||
 * Kaween' || no indeed || Ojibway || gaawiin, gaa-wiin (//pc//) || no, not, not indeed ||
 * Kayoshk' || the sea-gull || Ojibway || gayaashk (//na, pl.// -wag) || Gull, Seagull,
 * Kee'go || a fish || Ojibway || giigoonh (//na, pl.// giigoonyag) || Fish ||
 * Keeway'din || the Northwest wind,
 * Kena'beek || a serpent || Ojibway || ginebig (//na, pl.// -oog) || Snake ||
 * Keneu' || the great war-eagle || Ojibway || giniw (//na, pl.// -ag) || Golden Eagle,
 * Keno'zha || the pickerel || Ojibway || ginoozhe (//na, pl.// -g) || Northern Pike ||
 * Ko'ko-ko'ho || the owl || Ojibway || gookooko'oo (//na, pl.// -g) || Owl ||
 * Kuntasoo' || the Game of Plumstones || Dakota || ka n tasu' || plum stone ||
 * Kwa'sind || the Strong Man || Ojibway? || ? || ? ||
 * Kwo-ne'-she, or
 * Mahnahbe'zee || the swan || Ojibway || maanaabizi (//na, pl.// -wag) || Red Swan, Mute Swan ||
 * Mahng || the loon || Ojibway || maang (//na, pl.// -wag) || Loon ||
 * Mahnomo'nee || wild rice || Ojibway || manoomin (//ni, pl.// -an) || Wild rice ||
 * Ma'ma || the woodpecker || Ojibway || meme (//na, pl.// -g) || Woodpecker ||
 * Me'da || a medicine-man || Ojibway || Mide (//na, pl.// -g) || Indian of the //Grand Medicine// ||
 * Meenah'ga || the blueberry || Ojibway || miin (//na, pl.// miinan);
 * Megissog'won, the great Pearl-Feather || a magician, and the Manito of Wealth || Ojibway || Miigisigwan (//name//) || Pearl-feather ||
 * Meshinau'wa || a pipe-bearer || Ojibway || mizhinawe (//na, pl.// -g) || pipe-bearer ||
 * Minjekah'wun || Hiawatha's mittens || Ojibway || minjikaawan (//na, pl.// -ag) || mitten ||
 * Minneha'ha || Laughing Water; wife of Hiawatha;
 * Minne-wa'wa || a pleasant sound, as of the wind in the trees || Ojibway || minowewe (//vai/////vii//) || make a good sound ||
 * Mishe-Mo'kwa || the Great Bear || Ojibway || Mishi-makwa || Great Bear ||
 * Mishe-Nah'ma || the Great Sturgeon || Ojibway || Mishi-name || Great Sturgeon ||
 * Monda'min || Indian corn || Ojibway || mandaamin (//ni, pl.// -an) || Maize, corn ||
 * Moon of Bright Nights || April || Ojibway || waasagwane-giizis || lunar March-April
 * Moon of the Falling Leaves || September || Ojibway || Binaakwii-giizis (//na, pl.// -oog) || Lunar month of
 * Moon of Leaves || May || Ojibway || Zaagibagaa-giizis (//na, pl.// -oog) || May,
 * Moon of Strawberries || June || Ojibway || Ode'imini-giizis (//na, pl.// -oog) || June,
 * Mudjekee'wis || the West-wind; father of Hiawatha || Ojibway || majiikiwis (//na, pl.// -ag) || first-born son ||
 * Miskodeed' || the Spring-Beauty, the Claytonia Virginica || Ojibway || ? || ? ||
 * Mudway-aush'ka || sound of waves on a shore || Ojibway || madweyaashkaa (vii) || they (waves) are heard breaking on the shore ||
 * Mushkoda'sa || the grouse || Ojibway || mashkodese (//na, pl.// -g) || Ruffed Grouse ||
 * Nah'ma || the sturgeon || Ojibway || name (//na, pl.// -wag) || Sturgeon ||
 * Nah'ma-wusk || spearmint || Ojibway || namewashk (//ni, pl.// -oon) || Spearmint ||
 * Na'gow Wudj'oo || the Sand Dunes of Lake Superior || Ojibway || negaw-wajiw || sand dune ||
 * Nee-ba-naw'-baigs || water-spirits || Ojibway || nibiinaabe (//na, pl.// -wag) || waterling,
 * Nenemoo'sha || sweetheart || Ojibway || niinimoshenh (//na, dep., pl.// niinimoshenyag) || my sweetheart ||
 * Nepah'win || sleep || Ojibway || nibaawin (//ni, pl.// -an) || sleep,
 * Noko'mis || a grandmother
 * No'sa || my father || Ojibway || noose (//na, dep., voc.//) || [my] Father! ||
 * Nush'ka || look! look! || Ojibway || inashke (//pc//) || Look! ||
 * Odah'min || the strawberry || Ojibway || ode'imin (//ni, pl.// -an) || Strawberry ||
 * Okahha'wis || the fresh-water herring || Ojibway || okeyawis (//na, pl.// -ag) || Herring ||
 * Ome'mee || the pigeon || Ojibway || omiimii (//na, pl.// -g) || Passenger Pigeon,
 * Ona'gon || a bowl || Ojibway || onaagan (//ni, pl.// -an) || Bowl, Dish ||
 * Opechee' || the robin || Ojibway || opichi (//na, pl.// -wag) || Robin ||
 * Osse'o || Son of the Evening Star || ? || ? || ? ||
 * Owais'sa || the blue-bird || Ojibway || ozhaawanowesi (//na, pl.// -wag) || Eastern Bluebird ||
 * Oweenee' || Wife of Osseo || ? || ? || ? ||
 * Ozawa'beek || a round piece of brass or copper
 * Pah-puk-kee'na || the grasshopper || Ojibway || bapakine (//na, pl.// -g) || Grasshopper, Locust ||
 * Pau'guk || death || Ojibway || ? || Flying-skeleton Death Spirit ||
 * Pau-Puk-Kee'wis || the handsome Yenadizze, the son of Storm Fool || Ojibway || ? || ? ||
 * Pone'mah || hereafter || Ojibway || baanimaa (//pc//) || later, afterwards ||
 * Pe'boan || Winter || Ojibway || biboon (//vii//) || be Winter ||
 * Pem'ican || meat of the deer or
 * **People of the wooden vessel** || (not glossed) || Ojibway || wemitigoozhi (//na, pl.// -wag) || French
 * Pezhekee' || the bison || Ojibway || bizhiki (//na, pl.// -wag) || Buffalo ||
 * Pishnekuh' || the brant || Ojibway || apishi-nika (//na, pl.// -g) || Grey Goose ||
 * Puggawau'gan || a war-club || Ojibway || bagamaagan (//ni, pl.// -an) || war-club,
 * Puk-Wudj'ies || little wild men of the woods; pygmies || Ojibway || bagwajiwinini (//na, pl.// bagwajiwininiwag) || wild man ||
 * Sah-sah-je'wun || rapids || Ojibway || zaasijiwan (//vii//) || it (river) flows with a ripple ||
 * Segwun' || Spring || Ojibway || ziigwan (vii) || be Spring ||
 * Sha'da || the pelican || Ojibway || zhede (//na, pl.// -g) || Pelican ||
 * Shahbo'min || the gooseberry || Ojibway || zhaaboomin (//na, pl.// -ag) || Gooseberry ||
 * Shah-shah || long ago || ? || ? || ? ||
 * Shaugoda'ya || a coward || Ojibway || zhaagode'e (vai) || be cowardly,
 * Shawgashee' || the craw-fish || Ojibway || azhaageshii (//na, pl.// -yag) || Crawfish ||
 * Shawonda'see || the South-Wind || Ojibway || zhaawandezi (//vai//) || be from the south ||
 * Shaw-shaw || the swallow || Ojibway || zhaashaawanibiish (//na, pl.// -ag) || Tree Swallow ||
 * Taquamenaw || (unspecified river) || Ojibway || ? || ? ||
 * Shesh'ebwug || ducks; pieces in the
 * Shin'gebis || the diver, or grebe || Ojibway || zhingibis (//na, pl.// -ag) || Least Grebe ||
 * Showain'neme'shin || pity me || Ojibway || zhawenim (vta);
 * Shuh-shuh-gah' || the blue heron || Ojibway || zhashagi (//na, pl.// -wag) || Great Blue Heron ||
 * Soan-ge-ta'ha || strong-hearted || Ojibway || zoongide'e (vai) || be courageous,
 * Subbeka'she || the spider || Ojibway || asabikeshii (//na, pl.// -yag) || Spider ||
 * Sugge'me || the mosquito || Ojibway || zagime (//na, pl.// -g) || Mosquito ||
 * To'tem || family coat-of-arms || Ojibway || doodem || Clan,
 * Ugh || yes || Ojibway || enh (//pc//) || yes (male usage) ||
 * Ugudwash' || the sun-fish || Ojibway || agwadaashi (//na, pl.// -wag) || Sunfish ||
 * Unktahee' || the God of Water || Dakota || Unktehi || Snake-shaped Water Spirit ||
 * Wabas'so || the rabbit,
 * Wabe'no || a magician, a juggler || Ojibway || waabano (//na, pl.// -wag) || Indian of the //Magical Dawn Society// ||
 * Wabe'no-wusk || yarrow || Ojibway || waabanowashk (//ni, pl.// -oon) || Yarrow ||
 * Wa'bun || the East-Wind || Ojibway || waaban (//vii//) || be the east, be dawn ||
 * Wa'bun An'nung || the Star of the East,
 * Wahono'win || a cry of lamentation || Ojibway || waa'oonowin (//ni, pl.// -an) || howl ||
 * Wah-wah-tay'see || the fire-fly || Ojibway || waawaatesi (//na, pl.// -wag) || Firefly ||
 * Waubewy'on || a white skin wrapper || Ojibway || waabiwayaan (//na, pl.// -ag) || white-skin wrapper ||
 * Wa'wa || the wild goose || Ojibway || wewe (//na, pl.// -g) || Snow Goose ||
 * Waw-be-wa'wa || the white goose || Ojibway || waabi-wewe (//na, pl.// -g) || white Snow Goose ||
 * Wawonais'sa || the whippoorwill || Ojibway || waa'oonesii (//na, pl.// -g) || Whip-poor-will ||
 * Way-muk-kwa'na || the caterpillar || Ojibway || wemakwaayaanenh (//na, pl.// wemakwaayaanenyag) || brown Caterpillar ||
 * Weno'nah || the eldest daughter; Hiawatha's
 * **White-man's Foot** || (unknown flower) || Ojibway || -waabishkikizid
 * Yenadiz'ze || an idler and gambler;